Hello, everyone!
Today, I'd like to share some knowledge about FTTH with you. Welcome to discuss it in the message area.
Fiber-to-the-home (FTTH) is a transmission method of fiber-optic communication. Specifically, FTTH refers to the installation of an optical network unit (ONU) at a home user or an enterprise user and is an optical access network application that is closest to a user except for FTTD. FTTH provides a larger bandwidth, enhances the transparency of data formats, rates, wavelengths, and protocols, relaxes requirements on environmental conditions and power supply, and simplifies maintenance and installation. The PON technology has become the focus of global broadband operators and is considered one of the best solutions for FTTH.
Let's take a short video to understand what FTTH is.
The Main Business
FTTH is a full-service integrated access solution. Although the main driver of FTTH is the broadband video service in the future, FTTH must be able to support various existing narrowband and broadband services, as well as new services that may emerge in the future. The FTTH system must be able to provide integrated access so that users can enjoy multiple services at the same time. The main services supported by FTTH are as follows:
Video: HDTV: MPEG-2 standard compression. The pixels of the original image range from 1080 × 1920 to 4320 × 7680. The multi-channel high-fidelity sound of the Dolby Digital 5.1 channel decoder system is used. Standard DTV: MPEG-2 compression. The original image has about 640 x 720 pixels. Common mono or stereo. Various still image services and low-resolution surveillance image services using MPEG-1 and MPEG-4 and other compression technologies.
Data: Data services at various code rates ranging from a few kbit/s to tens of megabit/s.
Voice: Includes traditional POTS telephone and digital telephone services, and multi-channel high-fidelity sound.
Multimedia: a mixture of data, voice, and image services of different quality.
Networking Principles
Similar to the "handover and distribution mode" of all-plastic telephone cables for communications, the fiber-to-the-home (FTTH) optical distribution network (ODN) is divided into a backbone cable subsystem, a distribution cable subsystem, and a drop cable termination subsystem.
Backbone optical cable subsystem
This refers to the optical cable distribution system that connects the ODF at the CO end that connects the OLT to the subscriber fiber distribution box. In fiber distribution equipment at both ends, the optical cables are terminated by hot melt and patched to each other with fiber pigtails.
Distribution optical cable subsystem
This refers to the optical fiber cable between the FDT and the "optical integrated distribution box" in the customer's building. This is an optical distribution tray where the input and output cables are directly connected "back-to-back" and typically houses optical splitter equipment.
optical splitter (OBD)
The optical splitter is a fiber multiplexing device that multiplexes the channels of one fiber cable into multiple channels. The distribution ratio is 1:16. 1:32 and 1:64. In an FTTH system in EPON mode, the transmission rate is 1.2 Gbit/s. To ensure that the user bandwidth is higher than 30 Mbit/s, the most common split ratio (also called split ratio) is 1:32.
The optical splitter (OBD) supports different types of optical splitters based on the installation position, including box-shaped optical splitters, tray-shaped optical splitters, and blade-mounted optical splitters. The type of fiber pigtail plug is SC-type "square-head" fiber plug.
Advantages
The advantages of FTTH are as follows:
It is a passive network, from the central office to the user.
Its bandwidth is relatively wide, and its long-distance transmission meets the large-scale application mode of carriers.
Because the service is carried over optical fibers, there is no problem.
Because of its wide bandwidth, it supports flexible protocols.
With the development of technologies, more comprehensive functions have been developed in terms of peer-to-peer, 1.25G, and FTTH modes.
In the optical access family, there are fiber to the building (FTTB), fiber to the curb (FTTC), and fiber to the service area (FTTSA).
The optical fiber is directly connected to the user's home. The bandwidth, wavelength, and transmission technology are not limited. Therefore, optical fiber is suitable for introducing various new services. It is the most ideal service transparent network and the final development mode of the access network.
Although mobile communications develop at an amazing speed, because of limited bandwidth, a terminal size, and limited display screen, people still seek fixed terminals with relatively superior performance, that is, fiber to the home. The appeal of fiber to the home is its high bandwidth and is the best solution to the "last mile" bottleneck from the Internet backbone to the user's desktop.
That's my understanding of FTTH. Welcome to share your experience and understanding of FTTH.
Thank you.
Content Source: Baidu
