Hello,
A RAID controller is a hardware device or software program that is used to manage the hard disk drive (HDD)/solid state drive (SSD) in a computer or storage array so that they can work as logical components and perform their own duties.
The controller provides a level of abstraction between the operating system and the physical disk drive. The RAID controller groups applications and operating systems according to logical units, based on which data protection schemes are clarified. The controller has the ability to obtain multiple data backups on multiple physical devices, so its ability to improve performance and protect data when the system crashes is highlighted.
In hard disk-based RAID, the physical controller is used to manage the RAID array. The controller takes the form of a PCI or PCIe card, which is specially designed for a specific drive format (such as SATA or SCSI). The RAID controller can also be just software, using the hardware resources of the host system. Software-based RAID often provides functions similar to hardware-based RAID, but its performance is usually not as good as hardware-based RAID.
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