Dear friend!
E1 level mapping, alignment, and multiplexing are implemented on the E1 processing board.
The input E1 signals are sent to the decoder through the interface module. After being decoded in the decoder, data signals and clock signals are recovered and sent to the mapping module.
The mapping module asynchronously maps the received E1 signals to C-12 signals, processes the channel overheads to form VC-12s, and processes pointers to form TU-12s. Three TU-12s are multiplexed into TUG-2s, and seven TUG-2s are multiplexed into TUG-3s. The three TUG-3s are multiplexed and inserted with channel overheads and padding bytes to form VC-4s and then sent to the cross-connect unit.
More: Working Principle and Signal Flow
Thank you!