Hello,
OFDM forms the basic signal format used within 4G LTE. OFDM, Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplex is the basic format used and this is modified to provide the multiple access scheme: OFDMA, orthogonal frequency division multiple access in the downlink and SC-FDMA, single channel orthogonal frequency division multiple access in the uplink.
Using multiple carriers, each carrying a low data rate, OFDM is ideal for high speed data transmission because it provides resilience against narrow band fading that occurs as a result of reflections and the general propagation properties at these frequencies.
Within the basic LTE OFDM signal format a variety of modulation formats are used including PSK and QAM. Higher order modulation is used to achieve the higher data rates: the modulation order being determined by the signal quality.
Thanks