We must review the conditions for establishing an eBGP peer relationship.
In the product documentation:
By default, an EBGP connection can be set up only on a directly-connected physical link.
In fact, there are two conditions here:
1. By default, the number of hops between EBGP neighbors is 1 hop.
2. The source addresses on both sides must be on the same network segment.
We are familiar with the first rule here, while the second rule is easily overlooked.
* On Huawei routers, when ebgp-max-hop 2 is configured, why can an eBGP peer relationship be established? The explanation is as follows: When ebgp-max-hop 2 is configured, an eBGP peer relationship can be established between routers through two hops. In this case, the device does not check whether the eBGP peer addresses are in the same network segment.