Hello,
The answer to the first question is ACD.
Gratuitous ARP has the following functions:
Checks for IP address conflicts. When the protocol state of a device interface changes to Up, the device sends gratuitous ARP packets. Normally, the device should not receive an ARP reply. If the device receives an ARP reply, another device is using the same IP address. When detecting an IP address conflict, the device periodically broadcasts gratuitous ARP Reply packets until the conflict is removed.
Advertises a new MAC address. If the MAC address of a device changes because its network adapter is replaced, the device sends a gratuitous ARP packet to notify all devices of the change before the ARP entry is aged out.
- Notifies other devices of an active/standby switchover in a VRRP group: After an active/standby switchover, the master device broadcasts a gratuitous ARP packet in the VRRP group to notify other devices of the switchover.
And the answer to the second question is AD.