Hi there, everybody!
This post is about an introduction to mircowaves. Please see more details below.
BACKGROUND INFORMATION
Microwave communication uses microwave as the carrier of signals, which is similar to optical fiber communication that uses light as the carrier of signals. Simply speaking, transmitting module and optoelectronic inspection module used for receiving in the optical fiber transmission system are similar to the transmitting and receiving antenna. Compared with the optical fiber communication with wire channels, microwave channel is wireless and microwave communication is much more complicated.
APPLICATIONS OF MICROWAVES
The microwave system is mainly used in the following scenarios:
mobile base station return transmission: after field mobile base station receives radio signals, the signals need to be returned to BSC/RNC/SGW to enter into the core network for transmission, and currently, microwave system is frequently used in mobile base station return transmission. The network structure is very flexible, always could meet actual requirements;
supplementary network of optical network: due to geographical condition and other reasons, it is difficult to lay fiber cables between optical network and BSC, and then microwave transmission is needed;
critical link backup: between two major transmission sites, to reduce the impact on the transmission to the minimum when the fiber cables are broken, microwave transmission is used as a backup for the optical transmission;
enterprise private network: due to limitations of some special industries, such as oil transport pipe or the relay of the TV signals in the field, fiber cables cannot be laid due to certain limitations, and then microwave transmission is adopted;
VIP customer access: due to cost limitation, between the HQ of large enterprises and their subsidiaries, fiber cables cannot be laid in wide area, and then microwave transmission is adopted.
THE COMMUNICATION SYSTEM MODEL FOR MICROWAVES
The microwave is an exact information communication approach, as invisible fiber in air, Figure 3-1 shows the microwave Transmission Progress.
Figure 3-1. Microwave Transmission Progress (in the receive direction, all the above progress is inversed)
IDU: Indoor Unit for baseband
Service signal: FE/GE/STM-1/E1…
Cross-connection/ switching like opticals
Modulation & amplification converts the baseband signals into IF signals.
ODU: Outdoor Unit for RF
Frequency conversion between IF&RF, power amplification, filtering.
ODU is the core component of the microwave transmission.
Antenna
Conversion RF signals between air space and cables.
Electromagnetic wave.
If cable
The transceiver (ODU) and the baseband (IDU) are connected through coaxial cables. The coaxial cable can transmit I/O data signals, DC power supply, and alarm signals. According to the cable model, the maximum length of the cable between the IDU-ODU and the IDU-ODU is 450m.
