Figure 1 Host software architecture 
The host software of the UMG8900 consists of the lower-layer base software module, middleware software module, TDM bearer resource processing module, packet bearer resource processing module, signaling processing module, gateway control module, and operation and maintenance module. This section describes the software modules.
Lower-Layer Base Software Module
This module adopts the popular real-time operating system (RTOS), providing functions such as task management, message management, memory management, time limit management, and system initial boot.
Middleware Software Module
The UMG8900 employs Vxworks, a popular operating system in the industry. Based on the distributed object-oriented programmable architecture (DOPRA) and the versatile routing platform (VRP) protocol stack independently developed by Huawei, the UMG8900 also supports lower-layer operating system of a board, including system process, interruption, memory management, and allocation. Thus, the UMG8900 can provide more reliable resource management and allocation and ensure the stable running of the system.
TDM Bearer Resource Processing Module
This module works with the TDM processing module to forward and process service streams based on TDM.
Its basic functions are to receive commands sent by the gateway control module and to connect and release specified timeslots.
Packet Bearer Processing Module
This module processes packet bearers of service streams. By encapsulating service streams of different formats into packets, this module achieves transport adaptation over the IP/ATM network. This module performs the invocation and topology connection of packet resources under the control of the gateway control module to implement the interworking and service switching between packet networks.
Signaling Processing Module
This module resolves and adapts signaling protocols over the IP/ATM/TDM bearer.
Service Resource Processing Module
This module provides operation functions on service resources of the UMG8900. The UMG8900 supports G.711/G.723/G.726/G.729/AMR/AMR2 voice codec processing, announcement playing, digit collecting, conference bridge (audio mixing), dual tone multi-frequency (DTMF) detection, frequency shift keying (FSK), and multiple frequency control (MFC). The media resource processing module works in resource pool mode and can be configured based on actual networking.
Gateway Control Module
This module processes and exchanges the Media Gateway Control Protocol (MGCP), manages and invokes resources within the UMG8900, sets up and disconnects TDM bearer channels by controlling TDM bearer resources, and performs functions such as voice codec conversion, echo cancellation (EC), announcement playing, and digit collecting by controlling the service resource module. The gateway control module is the control center of the whole UMG8900.
Client Software
The client software and the host back administration module (BAM) are in client/server mode. The client software achieves management, maintenance, and data configuration of the UMG8900 through the BAM.
SSM-256 frame, SSM-32 framecan be connected to a maximum of 20 clients simultaneously.
The LMT is a single point management system, and the iManager integrated NMS completes centralized management and maintenance on all the devices in the network.
Figure 1 shows the connections between the LMT, iManager integrated NMS, and the UMG8900.
Figure 1 Connections between the LMT, host, and peripherals 
The BAM is on the OMU as an embedded hard disk. The LMT and the BAM are in standard client/server mode. The LMT serves as the client and manages theUMG8900 by communicating with the BAM through TCP/IP-based MML protocols and binary protocols.
The LMT can be installed on any PC or PC workstation that can communicate with the OMC interface on the OMU of the UMG8900. The LMT can connect to the alarm box through the serial port of the PC to enable visual and audio alarms.
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