DNS (Domain Name System)

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DNS (Domain Name System)
In a TCP/IP network, IP addresses are used for routing between computers. IP addresses, however, are complex and hard to memorize, so people prefer to use a meaningful name to search a computer, for instance, www.google.com. Therefore, a mechanism is required for setting up a mapping between the name and IP address of a computer.

Domain and Domain Name:

As a part of the entire DNS database, a domain corresponds to a subtree.
Each domain can be further divided into multiple subdomains. Each domain has a unique name that indicates its location in the database. In a DNS, a domain name indicates the label sequence from the root node of the domain to that of the entire tree. The labels are separated by ".". For instance, the google subtree is a domain and its domain name is google.com..